November 27: Nobel signed his last will to establish the Nobel Prize (1895)

A Nobel prize medal

Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a Swedish chemist and the inventor of dynamite, signed his last will at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris, France. The will set aside his estate to institute the Nobel Prize after his death. He died of a stroke on December 10, 1896 at Sanremo, Italy . The Nobel prizes are awarded for eminence in three science areas including physical science, chemistry, and medical science or physiology. The prizes are also awarded for excellence in literary work and for contributions to the world peace. In 1968, Sveriges Riskbank instituted an award for distinguished economists, which is often associated with the Nobel prizes. The Nobel prizes are recognized as one of the most prestigious in science and literature. Peace prizes often become controversial. Receiving the prize for the contribution is glorious, however, excessive competition over the prize to attract the attention of the awarding committees is often neither necessarily beautiful nor constructive.